{"id":124333,"date":"2024-04-19T11:28:03","date_gmt":"2024-04-19T08:28:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/?p=124333"},"modified":"2024-12-16T13:07:37","modified_gmt":"2024-12-16T13:07:37","slug":"a-joint-macro-and-microscopic-authentication-key-for-pharmacognostic-analysis-of-croci-sativi-stigma-and-its-common-adulterants-on-the-bulgarian-market","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/a-joint-macro-and-microscopic-authentication-key-for-pharmacognostic-analysis-of-croci-sativi-stigma-and-its-common-adulterants-on-the-bulgarian-market\/","title":{"rendered":"A Joint Macro- and Microscopic Authentication Key for Pharmacognostic Analysis of Croci Sativi Stigma and Its Common Adulterants on the Bulgarian Market"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Asen Stoyanov<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Sofia University \u201cSt. Kliment Ohridski\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/nat2024-1-2.05\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/nat2024-1-2.05<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract.<\/strong> One of the most expensive spices and herbal substances \u2013 the saffron threads, is produced from the stigmas of Crocus sativus L. The low number of stigmas per flower, labour-intensive harvesting and high demand drive its high cost but also make it a significant target for adulteration. The current study aims to develop a key for rapid macroscopic and microscopic screening of Croci sativi stigma samples, which can distinguish between the herbal substance and its most common adulterants. A literature review was conducted to determine known adulterants of saffron and relevant identification techniques. Vaucher materials were acquired from Bulgarian markets and analysed. An authentication key was developed and then tested by students enrolled in the Pharmacognosy courses in the master\u2019s program in Pharmacy at Sofia University \u201cSt. Kliment Ohridski\u201d. Of 15 samples, 12 were adulterated. Using the provided key, 12 out of 13 students managed to correctly identify provided samples.<br \/>\n<em>Keywords:<\/em> saffron adulteration, Croci sativi stigma authentication, pharmacognosy<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/member-login\/\">Log in to read the full text<\/a>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Asen Stoyanov Sofia University \u201cSt. Kliment Ohridski\u201d https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/nat2024-1-2.05 Abstract. One of the most expensive spices and herbal substances \u2013 the saffron threads, is produced from the stigmas of Crocus sativus L. The low number of stigmas per flower, labour-intensive harvesting and high demand drive its high cost but also make it a significant target for [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":124332423427287,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"template":"1","single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"bottom","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"0","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"custom","post_date_format_custom":"d-m-Y","show_post_category":"1","show_post_reading_time":"0","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","show_zoom_button":"1","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"1","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"3","show_author_box":"0","show_post_related":"0","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post":"0","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","sponsored_post_name":"","sponsored_post_url":"","sponsored_post_logo_enable":"0","sponsored_post_logo":"","sponsored_post_desc":"","disable_ad":"0"},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":"","hide":""}},"categories":[1],"tags":[5883,5884,5882],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>A Joint Macro- and Microscopic Authentication Key for Pharmacognostic Analysis of Croci Sativi Stigma and Its Common Adulterants on the Bulgarian Market - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/press.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/a-joint-macro-and-microscopic-authentication-key-for-pharmacognostic-analysis-of-croci-sativi-stigma-and-its-common-adulterants-on-the-bulgarian-market\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A Joint Macro- and Microscopic Authentication Key for Pharmacognostic Analysis of Croci Sativi Stigma and Its Common Adulterants on the Bulgarian Market - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Asen Stoyanov Sofia University \u201cSt. Kliment Ohridski\u201d https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/nat2024-1-2.05 Abstract. One of the most expensive spices and herbal substances \u2013 the saffron threads, is produced from the stigmas of Crocus sativus L. The low number of stigmas per flower, labour-intensive harvesting and high demand drive its high cost but also make it a significant target for [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/press.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/a-joint-macro-and-microscopic-authentication-key-for-pharmacognostic-analysis-of-croci-sativi-stigma-and-its-common-adulterants-on-the-bulgarian-market\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Azbuki55\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-04-19T08:28:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-12-16T13:07:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/press.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/a-joint-macro-and-microscopic-authentication-key-for-pharmacognostic-analysis-of-croci-sativi-stigma-and-its-common-adulterants-on-the-bulgarian-market\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/press.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/a-joint-macro-and-microscopic-authentication-key-for-pharmacognostic-analysis-of-croci-sativi-stigma-and-its-common-adulterants-on-the-bulgarian-market\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/de220d282eaa494f914ce0fd838645dd\"},\"headline\":\"A Joint Macro- and Microscopic Authentication Key for Pharmacognostic Analysis of Croci Sativi Stigma and Its Common Adulterants on the Bulgarian Market\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-04-19T08:28:03+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-12-16T13:07:37+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/press.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/a-joint-macro-and-microscopic-authentication-key-for-pharmacognostic-analysis-of-croci-sativi-stigma-and-its-common-adulterants-on-the-bulgarian-market\/\"},\"wordCount\":217,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"Croci sativi stigma authentication\",\"pharmacognosy\",\"saffron adulteration\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/press.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/a-joint-macro-and-microscopic-authentication-key-for-pharmacognostic-analysis-of-croci-sativi-stigma-and-its-common-adulterants-on-the-bulgarian-market\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/press.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/a-joint-macro-and-microscopic-authentication-key-for-pharmacognostic-analysis-of-croci-sativi-stigma-and-its-common-adulterants-on-the-bulgarian-market\/\",\"name\":\"A Joint Macro- and Microscopic Authentication Key for Pharmacognostic Analysis of Croci Sativi Stigma and Its Common Adulterants on the Bulgarian Market - 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