{"id":146349,"date":"2025-02-28T14:38:26","date_gmt":"2025-02-28T12:38:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/?p=146349"},"modified":"2025-08-26T12:15:21","modified_gmt":"2025-08-26T09:15:21","slug":"development-of-metacognitive-skills-in-11-14-year-old-students-in-a-non-formal-educational-environment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/development-of-metacognitive-skills-in-11-14-year-old-students-in-a-non-formal-educational-environment\/","title":{"rendered":"Development of Metacognitive Skills in 11 \u2013 14-Year-Old Students in \u0430 Non-Formal Educational Environment"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Isa Hadjiali<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Sofia University \u201cSt. Kliment Ohridski\u201d (Bulgaria)<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>Teodora Kolarova<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>University of Plovdiv \u201cPaisii Hilendarski\u201d (Bulgaria)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/ped2025-1.01\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/ped2025-1.01<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract.<\/strong> The purpose of this study was to determine and assess the impact of non-formal educational activities on the development of metacognitive skills in middle school students (11- to 14-year-old). The research was conducted with 48 students (N= 48) from 5th-grade to 7th-grade classes at urban public middle schools in Gabrovo and Sofia (Bulgaria). The participants were divided into two groups \u2013 experimental group (n = 22) and control group (n = 26). Both groups were assigned to study the same biology learning content during the school year 2021\/2022 but under different conditions. The students in the experimental group were explicitly taught metacognitive skills focused on using the strategy of \u201cvariables control\u201d, while performing scientific inquiry in non-formal setting \u2013 in a Children\u2019s University Foundation. The students in the control group were taught biology topics in a traditional classroom environment without application of metacognitive strategies during the scientific inquiry. Quantitative measures and statistical methods (SPSS) were employed to analyze the data related to participants metacognitive skills (planning, monitoring and evaluation). The results showed that the quality of metacognitive skills exhibited by the experimental group exceeded that of a control group, highlighting the power of non-formal education as a valuable mechanism in the development of students\u2019 metacognition.<br \/>\nKeywords: metacognitive skills, von-formal education, strategies, tasks<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/member-login\/\">Log in to read the full text<\/a>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Isa Hadjiali Sofia University \u201cSt. Kliment Ohridski\u201d (Bulgaria) Teodora Kolarova University of Plovdiv \u201cPaisii Hilendarski\u201d (Bulgaria) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/ped2025-1.01 Abstract. The purpose of this study was to determine and assess the impact of non-formal educational activities on the development of metacognitive skills in middle school students (11- to 14-year-old). The research was conducted with 48 students (N= [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":124332423427287,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[]},"categories":[1],"tags":[10028,10030,10031,10029],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Development of Metacognitive Skills in 11 \u2013 14-Year-Old Students in \u0430 Non-Formal Educational Environment - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/development-of-metacognitive-skills-in-11-14-year-old-students-in-a-non-formal-educational-environment\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Development of Metacognitive Skills in 11 \u2013 14-Year-Old Students in \u0430 Non-Formal Educational Environment - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Isa Hadjiali Sofia University \u201cSt. Kliment Ohridski\u201d (Bulgaria) Teodora Kolarova University of Plovdiv \u201cPaisii Hilendarski\u201d (Bulgaria) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/ped2025-1.01 Abstract. The purpose of this study was to determine and assess the impact of non-formal educational activities on the development of metacognitive skills in middle school students (11- to 14-year-old). The research was conducted with 48 students (N= [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/development-of-metacognitive-skills-in-11-14-year-old-students-in-a-non-formal-educational-environment\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Azbuki55\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-02-28T12:38:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-08-26T09:15:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/development-of-metacognitive-skills-in-11-14-year-old-students-in-a-non-formal-educational-environment\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/development-of-metacognitive-skills-in-11-14-year-old-students-in-a-non-formal-educational-environment\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bel.azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/de220d282eaa494f914ce0fd838645dd\"},\"headline\":\"Development of Metacognitive Skills in 11 \u2013 14-Year-Old Students in \u0430 Non-Formal Educational Environment\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-02-28T12:38:26+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-08-26T09:15:21+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/development-of-metacognitive-skills-in-11-14-year-old-students-in-a-non-formal-educational-environment\/\"},\"wordCount\":265,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bel.azbuki.bg\/en\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"metacognitive skills\",\"strategies\",\"tasks\",\"von-formal education\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/development-of-metacognitive-skills-in-11-14-year-old-students-in-a-non-formal-educational-environment\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/development-of-metacognitive-skills-in-11-14-year-old-students-in-a-non-formal-educational-environment\/\",\"name\":\"Development of Metacognitive Skills in 11 \u2013 14-Year-Old Students in \u0430 Non-Formal Educational Environment - 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The purpose of this study was to determine and assess the impact of non-formal educational activities on the development of metacognitive skills in middle school students (11- to 14-year-old). The research was conducted with 48 students (N= [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/development-of-metacognitive-skills-in-11-14-year-old-students-in-a-non-formal-educational-environment\/","og_site_name":"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Azbuki55\/","article_published_time":"2025-02-28T12:38:26+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-08-26T09:15:21+00:00","author":"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c","Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/development-of-metacognitive-skills-in-11-14-year-old-students-in-a-non-formal-educational-environment\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/development-of-metacognitive-skills-in-11-14-year-old-students-in-a-non-formal-educational-environment\/"},"author":{"name":"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c","@id":"https:\/\/bel.azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/de220d282eaa494f914ce0fd838645dd"},"headline":"Development of Metacognitive Skills in 11 \u2013 14-Year-Old Students in \u0430 Non-Formal Educational Environment","datePublished":"2025-02-28T12:38:26+00:00","dateModified":"2025-08-26T09:15:21+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/development-of-metacognitive-skills-in-11-14-year-old-students-in-a-non-formal-educational-environment\/"},"wordCount":265,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/bel.azbuki.bg\/en\/#organization"},"keywords":["metacognitive skills","strategies","tasks","von-formal education"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/development-of-metacognitive-skills-in-11-14-year-old-students-in-a-non-formal-educational-environment\/","url":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/development-of-metacognitive-skills-in-11-14-year-old-students-in-a-non-formal-educational-environment\/","name":"Development of Metacognitive Skills in 11 \u2013 14-Year-Old Students in \u0430 Non-Formal Educational Environment - 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