{"id":38372,"date":"2013-08-23T17:05:00","date_gmt":"2013-08-23T14:05:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/history.azbuki.bg\/history\/historyarticles\/sp-istoriya-knizhka-4-godina-xxi-2013\/"},"modified":"2022-07-28T13:35:46","modified_gmt":"2022-07-28T10:35:46","slug":"sp-istoriya-knizhka-4-godina-xxi-2013","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/history\/historyarticles\/sp-istoriya-knizhka-4-godina-xxi-2013\/","title":{"rendered":"History, issue 4\/2013, Volume 21"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a name=\"top\"><\/a> \u0421\u042a\u0414\u042a\u0420\u0416\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0415 \/ CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0426\u042a\u0420\u041a\u0412\u0410 \u0418 \u041e\u0411\u0429\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0412\u041e \/ CHURCH AND SOCIETY<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#a01\">\u041a\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u044a\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0410\u0441\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438 \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u041c\u0435\u0441\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438\u044f<br \/>\nCultural and Religious Links between the Asparukh Protobulgarians and the Ancient Peoples of Mesopotamia<\/a><br \/>\n<em>\u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0422\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0432 \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432 \/ Ivan Tanev Ivanov<\/em> &#8211; \u0441\u0442\u0440. 287<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/member-login\/\">Log in to read the full text<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0426\u0418\u0412\u0418\u041b\u0418\u0417\u0410\u0426\u0418\u041e\u041d\u041d\u0418 \u0413\u0420\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0426\u0418 \/ CIVILIZATION BOUNDARIES<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#art02\">\u0421\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d \u0437\u0430 \u0418\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0442 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u041c\u043e\u0445\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430\u0434 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043a (1951 \u2013 1953 \u0433.)<br \/>\nIn Memoriam of the Iranian Oil Crisis and the Overthrow \u043ef Mohammad Mossadeq (1951 \u2013 1953)<\/a><br \/>\n<em>\u0412\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0423\u0437\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \/ Veselina Uzunova<\/em> \u2013 \u0441\u0442\u0440.311<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/member-login\/\">Log in to read the full text<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong> \u0420\u0415\u0426\u0415\u041d\u0417\u0418\u0418 \u0418 \u0410\u041d\u041e\u0422\u0410\u0426\u0418\u0418 \/ REVIEWS AND ANNOTATIONS<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0415\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0410\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0438\u044f<br \/>\nBulgarian Take on the American Revolution<br \/>\n<em>\u041b\u044a\u0447\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0440 \u0421\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043e\u0432 \/ Luchezar Stoyanov<\/em> \u2013 \u0441\u0442\u0440. 327<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/member-login\/\">Log in to read the full text<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0414\u044f\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u041b\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438<br \/>\nNew Study of Levki\u2019s Life and Ideas<br \/>\n<em>\u041f\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d \u041c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0432 \/ Plamen Mitev<\/em> \u2013 \u0441\u0442\u0440.331<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/member-login\/\">Log in to read the full text<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0415\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u0411\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0438 (1912 \u2013 1913). \u041f\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u044a\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u044a\u0446\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430<br \/>\nTestimonies of the Balkan Wars (1912 &#8211; 1913). Greece Celebrates Two Victorious Wars in Pictures<br \/>\n<em>\u0414\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u044a\u0440 \u041d\u0438\u0446\u043e\u0432 \/ Dimitar Nitsov<\/em> \u2013 \u0441\u0442\u0440.335<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/member-login\/\">Log in to read the full text<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0425\u0420\u041e\u041d\u0418\u041a\u0418 \/ EVENTS<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0423\u0440\u043e\u043a\u044a\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0431\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u044a\u043b\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0430<br \/>\nPatriotic Pages of Bulgarian History in Emil Shekerdzhyisky\u2019s Books<br \/>\n<em>\u0415\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \/ Elena Alekova<\/em> \u2013 \u0441\u0442\u0440.342<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/member-login\/\">Log in to read the full text<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u041e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430<br \/>\nTeacher Training for the Formation of Knowledge, Skills and Competencies for Work in Multicultural Environment<br \/>\n<em>\u041f\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0421\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \/ Plamena Stoyanova<\/em> \u2013 \u0441\u0442\u0440.347<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/member-login\/\">Log in to read the full text<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u041f\u0420\u041e\u0415\u041a\u0422\u0418 \/ PROJECT RESULTS<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u041d\u044f\u043a\u043e\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u044a\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0439-\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0444\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e \u041b\u043e\u0437\u0435\u043d \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u0438<br \/>\nHistory of the Lozen Village in Sofia Region<br \/>\n<em>\u041a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0421\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 \/ Kostadin Sokolov<\/em> \u2013 \u0441\u0442\u0440.354<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/member-login\/\">Log in to read the full text<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u201e\u041d\u0435-\u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0421\u043e\u0444\u0438\u044f\u201c \u2013 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u044a\u0437\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044f\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u041c\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043e\u0442 \u0425\u0432\u044a\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0411\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438, \u0432\u0440\u044a\u0445 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0430\u043a, \u041b\u043e\u0437\u0435\u043d \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430<br \/>\n\u201eUn-Known in Sofia\u201c\u2013 Recovery Project of the Memorial of the Unknown Soldier of Benkovski\u2019s Flying Battalion, Stummit Polovrak, Lozen Mountain \u2013 \u0441\u0442\u0440.360<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/member-login\/\">Log in to read the full text<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0412 \u041d\u041e\u0412\u0418\u0422\u0415 \u0411\u0420\u041e\u0415\u0412\u0415 \u041d\u0410 \u0421\u041f\u0418\u0421\u0410\u041d\u0418\u042f\u0422\u0410 \u041d\u0410 \u0418\u0417\u0414\u0410\u0422\u0415\u041b\u0421\u0422\u0412\u041e \u201e\u0410\u0417 \u0411\u0423\u041a\u0418\u201c \u0427\u0415\u0422\u0415\u0422\u0415<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>READ IN THE LASTES ISSUES OF THE \u201eAZ BUKI\u201c JOURNALS<\/strong> &#8211; \u0441\u0442\u0440.362<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0423\u041a\u0410\u0417\u0410\u041d\u0418\u042f \u0417\u0410 \u0410\u0412\u0422\u041e\u0420\u0418\u0422\u0415 \/ GUIDE FOR AUTHORS<\/strong> \u2013 \u0441\u0442\u0440.364<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><a name=\"a01\"><\/a>\u00a0\u041a\u0423\u041b\u0422\u0423\u0420\u041d\u0418 \u0418 \u0420\u0415\u041b\u0418\u0413\u0418\u041e\u0417\u041d\u0418 \u0412\u0420\u042a\u0417\u041a\u0418 \u041d\u0410 \u0410\u0421\u041f\u0410\u0420\u0423\u0425\u041e\u0412\u0418\u0422\u0415 \u041f\u0420\u0410\u0411\u042a\u041b\u0413\u0410\u0420\u0418 \u0421 \u0414\u0420\u0415\u0412\u041d\u0418\u0422\u0415 \u041d\u0410\u0420\u041e\u0414\u0418 \u041d\u0410 \u041c\u0415\u0421\u041e\u041f\u041e\u0422\u0410\u041c\u0418\u042f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0422\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0432 \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Trakia University - Stara Zagora (Bulgaria)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract.<\/strong> \u0412 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0447\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u044a\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0421\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0435 \u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u041c\u0435\u0441\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438\u044f. \u041d\u0430 \u043f\u044a\u0440\u0432\u043e \u043c\u044f\u0441\u0442\u043e, \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0435-\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0431\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u041f\u043b\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430, \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0430\u0449\u0438 \u0441\u0435 \u0438 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441 \u043e\u0442 \u041c\u0443\u0440\u0444\u0430\u0442\u043b\u0430\u0440 \u0438 \u0432\u044a\u0440\u0445\u0443 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043e\u043d \u043e\u0442 \u0421\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f: \u0410\u043d\u0438\u0448\u044a\u0440 (\u042e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440, \u042f\u043d\u043a\u0443\u043b-\u043e\u0432\u0447\u0430\u0440), \u0410\u0435 (\u041c\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0446) \u0438 \u0422\u0445\u0435 (\u041c\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0439), \u043a\u043e\u0438\u0442\u043e \u043d\u044f\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043b\u0438, \u043d\u043e \u0441\u044a\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0442 \u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0437\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0448\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438 (\u0410\u043d\u0448\u0430\u0440 \u2013 \u042e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440, \u0438 \u0410\u0435, \u0415\u0430 \u2013 \u041c\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0446) \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438 (\u041a\u043e\u0445\u0435\u0431 \u2013 \u041c\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0439). \u041d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u2013 \u0421\u0410\u041d (\u0421\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d), \u0421\u041e\u041d (\u0421\u043b\u044a\u043d\u0446\u0435) \u0438 \u0423\u041e\u041d (\u0412\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u042f\u043d\u0430) \u0432\u044a\u0440\u0445\u0443 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u041f\u043b\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u044a\u0449\u043e \u0441\u0430 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u0441\u044a\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043d\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043b\u0438. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0443\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0447, \u0431\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0439, \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0446 \u0438 \u0432\u043b\u044a\u0445(\u0432\u0430) \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0438, \u0435\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u044a\u0437\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0449\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u0430\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0443\u043c\u0438 bars (\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f) \u0438 b\u0101ru \u2013 \u0436\u0440\u0435\u0446-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b. \u0412 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0447\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u043f\u0438\u0441\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440, \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u044f\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0433\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0442.\u043d\u0430\u0440. \u201e\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447 \u043d\u0430 \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043d\u201c \u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0432\u044a\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0436\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u0436 \u0441 \u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0438\u0442\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0441 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438.<\/p>\n<p><em>Keywords:<\/em> Protobulgarians, Pliska, bronze rosette, planets-deities, Mesopotamian civilization<\/p>\n<p><strong>CULTURAL AND RELIGIOUS LINKS BETWEEN THE ASPARUKH PROTOBULGARIANS AND THE ANCIENT PEOPLES OF MESOPOTAMIA<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract.<\/strong> This article points out to evidence of \u0422ranscaucasian cultural and religious relations between the North Ciscaucasian Protobulgarians and the peoples of Mesopotamia. Firstly, there are parallels in the names of Mesopotamian gods and those of three gods occurring in inscription on a newly found medallion from Northeastern Bulgaria. The names of three other planets found on a rosette from Pliska are also close to the respective Mesopotamian names but have Indo-European parallels. Secondly, the article focuses on certain \u201cold\u201d Bulgarian words that are used to this day and have Protobulgarian origins. The author connects them etymologically to Assyria-Babylon words. Further support of main hypothesis is to be found in the similarities between Mesopotamian and Protobulgarian art, written signs, calendar, funerary practices and beliefs.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Assoc. Prof. Ivan Tanev Ivanov, PhD<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Thracian University<\/em><br \/>\n<em>16 Armeyska Str.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#top\">\u043d\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0435<\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><a name=\"a02\"><\/a>\u00a0\u0421\u041f\u041e\u041c\u0415\u041d \u0417\u0410 \u0418\u0420\u0410\u041d\u0421\u041a\u0410\u0422\u0410 \u041f\u0415\u0422\u0420\u041e\u041b\u0410 \u041a\u0420\u0418\u0417\u0410 \u0418 \u0421\u0412\u0410\u041b\u042f\u041d\u0415\u0422\u041e \u041e\u0422 \u0412\u041b\u0410\u0421\u0422 \u041d\u0410 \u041c\u041e\u0425\u0410\u041c\u041c\u0410\u0414 \u041c\u041e\u0421\u0421\u0410\u0414\u0415\u041a (1951 \u2013 1953 \u0433.)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Veselina Uzunova<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>\u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u2013 \u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract.<\/strong> \u041d\u0430 19 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442 1953 \u0433. \u0426\u0420\u0423, \u0432 \u0441\u044a\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u0438 \u041c\u04186, \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044f\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u0418\u0440\u0430\u043d \u0434-\u0440 \u041c\u043e\u0445\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430\u0434 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043a. \u041c\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043a \u0435 \u043b\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u201e\u041d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0444\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0442\u201c \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0442\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 1951 \u0433. \u0417\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d \u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0418\u0440\u0430\u043d. \u0422\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u044a\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u044a\u043f\u043a\u0430 \u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0435\u043d \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440 \u043f\u043e \u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044a\u0437\u043f\u0440\u0435 100-\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0448\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u044a\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438 \u0432 \u0418\u0440\u0430\u043d. \u041d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0435 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0425\u0430\u0440\u0438 \u0422\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0430\u043d, \u043a\u043e\u0439\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u201e\u041d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0444\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0442\u201c \u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0445\u0432\u044a\u0440\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e. \u041e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044a\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u041b\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d \u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d \u0438 \u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0434\u0435 \u0432 \u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u044a\u0446\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u044a\u043e\u0440\u044a\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u201e\u0410\u043d\u0433\u043b\u043e-\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u201c (\u0410\u0418\u041f\u041a) \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0432\u0430 \u0418\u0440\u0430\u043d \u0434\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0430. \u0412\u044a\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043a \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044f\u0432\u0430. \u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 1953 \u0433. \u0426\u0420\u0423 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0447\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0439\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430 \u0438 \u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044a\u0440\u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435. \u0417\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044a\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u044f\u0432\u0435\u043d \u043e\u0449\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 1953 \u0433. \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043a\u0432\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0422\u0435\u0445\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043d. \u041d\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0437\u0438 \u0441\u044a\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043d\u043e\u0449\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 19 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442 1953 \u0433. \u041c\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043a \u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d, \u0438\u0437\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0441\u044a\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u043e\u0441\u044a\u0434\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043c\u044a\u0440\u0442. \u041f\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0442 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440 \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e-\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0438\u0443\u043c, \u043a\u043e\u0439\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u044a\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044f. \u041c\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043a\u044a\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0447\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435, \u0431\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u0435 \u0441 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044f\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0411\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0437\u0442\u043e\u043a.<\/p>\n<p><em>Keywords:<\/em> Iran, Mohammad Mossadeq, nationalization of oil companies, \u041c\u043e\u0445\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430\u0434 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043a, \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0430, the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (AIOC)<\/p>\n<p><strong>IN MEMORIAM OF THE IRANIAN OIL CRISIS AND THE OVERTHROW OF MOHAMMAD MOSSADEQ (1951 \u2013 1953)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract.<\/strong> On August 19th 1953 the CIA in a joint operation with the British secret services MI6 successfully overthrew the democratically elected Iranian Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadeq. Mossadeq was the leader of the nationalistic formation \u201cNational Front\u201d and initiator of the adopted in 1951 Oil Nationalization Bill. That bold step affected seriously British economy and sought to deter the century-old Soviet-British rivalry for Iranian resources. The nationalization was warmly welcomed by President Harry Truman who supported the National Front in their efforts to overthrow the British domination. The British refusal to recognize the bill and to surrender to the Iranians the oil wells and adjacent equipment, property of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company \/AIOC\/ led Iran to another national crisis. Nevertheless, public opinion remained in favor of Mossadeq. Thus in 1953 CIA began to prepare the coup that would end the oil crisis and return the Iranian oil industry back under English domination. The plot became clear in the summer of 1953 and triggered massive turmoil in the country. Against this social background, in the night of August 19th, 1953 Mossadeq was arrested, stood trial and sentenced to death. Parallel with the trial, negotiations for new oil concession were carried out among Iranian and American oil companies. The Consortium that was established replaced the British domination with American. Mossadeq is presented as the leader who lead the Iranian nation towards the desired freedom and prosperity. His successful struggle against the British domination has left a lasting mark in Middle Eastern policy.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Veselina Uzunova, PhD Student<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Bulgarian Academy of Sciences \u2013 Institute of Historical Studies<\/em><br \/>\n<em>67 Shipchenski Prohod Blvd.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>1504 Sofia, Bulgaria<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u00a0<a href=\"#top\">\u043d\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0435<\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u042a\u0414\u042a\u0420\u0416\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0415 \/ CONTENTS \u0426\u042a\u0420\u041a\u0412\u0410 \u0418 \u041e\u0411\u0429\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0412\u041e \/ CHURCH AND SOCIETY \u041a\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u044a\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0410\u0441\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438 \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u041c\u0435\u0441\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438\u044f Cultural and Religious Links between the Asparukh Protobulgarians and the Ancient Peoples of Mesopotamia \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0422\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0432 \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432 \/ Ivan Tanev Ivanov &#8211; \u0441\u0442\u0440. 287 \u0426\u0418\u0412\u0418\u041b\u0418\u0417\u0410\u0426\u0418\u041e\u041d\u041d\u0418 \u0413\u0420\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0426\u0418 \/ CIVILIZATION BOUNDARIES \u0421\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d \u0437\u0430 \u0418\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":94,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"subtitle":"","format":"standard","video":"","gallery":"","source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"0","fullscreen":"0","sidebar":"","second_sidebar":"","sticky_sidebar":"0","share_position":"","share_float_style":"","show_share_counter":"0","show_view_counter":"0","show_featured":"0","show_post_meta":"0","show_post_author":"0","show_post_author_image":"0","show_post_date":"0","post_date_format":"","post_date_format_custom":"","show_post_category":"0","show_post_reading_time":"0","post_reading_time_wpm":"","show_post_tag":"0","show_prev_next_post":"0","show_popup_post":"0","number_popup_post":"1","show_author_box":"0","show_post_related":"0","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"","single_post_gallery_size":""}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"","trending_post_label":""},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":""}},"categories":[2878],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.7 - 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