{"id":67912,"date":"2020-10-22T16:07:07","date_gmt":"2020-10-22T13:07:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/?p=67912"},"modified":"2023-08-25T17:07:53","modified_gmt":"2023-08-25T14:07:53","slug":"sp-istoriya-knizhka-5-2020-godina-xxviii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/history\/sadarzhanie-na-sp-istoriya-2020-g\/sp-istoriya-knizhka-5-2020-godina-xxviii\/","title":{"rendered":"History, issue 5\/2020, Volume 28"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4><span style=\"color: #808080;\"><strong>VIEW OVER THE BALKAN PENINSULA<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<h3>Iconography of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877 \u2013 1878 on Postcards of the Early XX Century<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Abstract.<\/strong>\u00a0The article analyzes the illustrated postcards of the early twentieth century as a source of the iconography of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877\u00a0\u2013\u00a01878 and the objectives of the worldview of Bulgarian and Russian societies in the early 20th century. It is emphasized that during 1902 \u2013 1912 the postal cards, dedicated to the events and participants of this military conflict, were repeatedly published in Russia and Bulgaria. It was found that the most popular were postcards with views of battle paintings by V.\u00a0Vereshchagin, M.\u00a0Dmitriev-Orenburg, O.\u00a0Popov and others. It is determined that the theme of this war was relevant until 1912.<br \/>\n<em>Keywords:<\/em> the Russo-Turkish War; postcard; graphic source; battle painting; graphics<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sergiy Kopylov, Iryna Paur<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Kamianets-Podilskiy National Ivan Ohiienko University (Ukraine)<\/em><\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/member-login\/\">Log in to read the full text<\/a>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>The Imporance Of Being Honest. On The History \nOf Bulgarian Economic Culture 1879 \u2013 1944<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Abstract.<\/strong> The article presents an analysis of honesty as an important aspect of the Bulgarian economic culture. The focus is on the transition from the Bulgarian Revival to the nation state and the subsequent period 1879 \u2013 1944. The main conclusions are synthesized in two hypotheses. The first is that the transition from Ottoman rule to an independent nation-state is associated with a decline of honesty and integrity in economic life. The second hypothesis points to the low level of honesty and mutual trust in relations between economic agents on the one hand and between economic agents and the state on the other as one of the important reasons for the lack of visible and long-lasting economic success in Bulgaria during the period 1879 \u2013 1944.<br \/>\n<em>Keywords:<\/em> Bulgaria; honesty; economic development; economic culture<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pencho D. Penchev<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>University of National and World Economy<\/em><\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/member-login\/\">Log in to read the full text<\/a>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #808080;\"><strong>CIVILIZATION BOUNDARIES<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<h3>The Spanish Royal Statute (1834 \u2013 1836)<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Abstract.<\/strong> El Estatuto Real is a piece of legislation passed in the Spanish monarchy in 1834, representing a \u201cdonated\u201d charter, which does not derive from the principle of national sovereignty, but on the contrary \u2013 represents the benevolence of the monarch to his subordinates. Although the text of the decree lacks a description of the rights of the population, does not contain a clear and comprehensive definition of the prerogatives of the various authorities, it should be noted that it puts an end to the theoretical principles and ideological statements of the Ancien R\u00e9gime. Th\u0435 article analyzes this document, which presents the moderate liberal views, and in our opinion is an elegant attempt to strike a balance between the traditional principles, institutions and attitudes of the Catholic monarchy, while presenting Spanish society the opportunity to begin building a limited monarchy where the principles of liberalism are largely imposed.<br \/>\n<em>Keywords:<\/em> El Estatuto Real; Royal statute; constitution; liberalism; The Spanish Monarchy; separation of powers; national sovereignty<\/p>\n<p><strong>Iva Yaneva<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Sofia University<\/em><\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/member-login\/\">Log in to read the full text<\/a>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #808080;\"><strong>REVIEWS AND ANNOTATIONS<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<h3>The Bulgarian XIX Century: New Sources \nAnd Interpretations<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Review of the scientific monograph \u201eThe Bulgarian 19th Century: New Sources and Readings\u201c, Sofia: \u201eZa boukvite \/ O pismeneh\u201c. 2019. 232 p.<br \/>\nSofia: \u201eZa boukvite \/ O pismeneh\u201c. 2019. 232 p.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vera Boneva<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>University of Library Studies and Information Technologies \u2013 Sofia, Bulgaria<\/em><\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/member-login\/\">Log in to read the full text<\/a>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #808080;\"><strong>GUARDIANS OF THE MEMORY<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<h3>August 1980<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Jerzy Eisler<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Institute of National Remembrance\nWarsaw, Poland<\/em><\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/member-login\/\">Log in to read the full text<\/a>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>AUGUST 1980 IN WARSAW<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Abstract.<\/strong> The Warsaw Commitee of the Polish United Workers Party (PZPR) was one of the biggest regional party commitees constituting the middle level of the party apparatus. The wave of strikes in summer 1980 surprised both the country leaders and regional party structures. In face of critical situation, the Warsaw Committee\u2019s absurd strategy was to pretend that nothing much was happening. At that time a lot of party members gave up their membership<br \/>\nPZPR; Warsaw Committee; Edward Gierek; Alojzy Karkoszka; Solidarity; strike<\/p>\n<p><strong>Andrzej Boboli<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Institute of National Remembrance\nWarsaw, Poland<\/em><\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/member-login\/\">Log in to read the full text<\/a>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>The First National Congress Of Delegates \nOf\u00a0 \u201cSolidarity\u201d \u2013 A Lesson Of Democracy<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Abstract.<\/strong> Established in September 1980, NSZZ \u201cSolidarno\u015b\u0107\u201d was not only a trade union, but also a great social movement, and a school of democracy for its own members. Starting from the democratically elected works committees, through regional authorities, to the national management - the National Coordinating Commission, the apogee of this social movement was the 1st National Congress of Delegates of NSZZ \u201cSolidarno\u015b\u0107\u201d which took place in the autumn of 1981.<br \/>\n<em>Keywords:<\/em> NSZZ Solidarity; PZPR; National Coordinating Commision; Lech Wa\u0142\u0119sa; Gda\u0144sk<\/p>\n<p><strong>Grzegorz Majchrzak<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Institute of National Remembrance\nWarsaw, Poland<\/em><\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/member-login\/\">Log in to read the full text<\/a>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u041e\u0413\u041b\u0415\u0414 \u041d\u0410\u0414 \u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0422\u0415 Iconography of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877 \u2013 1878 on Postcards of the Early XX Century Abstract.\u00a0The article analyzes the illustrated postcards of the early twentieth century as a source of the iconography of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877\u00a0\u2013\u00a01878 and the objectives of the worldview of Bulgarian and Russian societies in the [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":124332423427287,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"subtitle":"","format":"standard","video":"","gallery":"","source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"0","fullscreen":"0","sidebar":"","second_sidebar":"","sticky_sidebar":"0","share_position":"","share_float_style":"","show_share_counter":"0","show_view_counter":"0","show_featured":"0","show_post_meta":"0","show_post_author":"0","show_post_author_image":"0","show_post_date":"0","post_date_format":"","post_date_format_custom":"","show_post_category":"0","show_post_reading_time":"0","post_reading_time_wpm":"","show_post_tag":"0","show_prev_next_post":"0","show_popup_post":"0","number_popup_post":"1","show_author_box":"0","show_post_related":"0","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"","single_post_gallery_size":""}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"","trending_post_label":""},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":""}},"categories":[4035],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.7 - 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